08/27/2026
Colitis is a specific type of colic caused by inflammation of the colon, but not all colic is colitis.
Understanding Colic
Colic is a general term for abdominal pain in horses, which can result from a variety of gastrointestinal issues, including gas buildup, impactions, twists, or inflammation. Horses with colic may show signs such as restlessness, pawing, rolling, sweating, elevated heart rate, and reduced or absent f***l output. Most types of colic do not involve diarrhea, and fever is uncommon unless there is an underlying infection or inflammation
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Understanding Colitis
Colitis specifically refers to inflammation of the colon, a major part of the horse’s large intestine.
This inflammation disrupts normal water absorption and gut barrier function, often leading to watery diarrhea, fever, dehydration, and abdominal discomfort. Colitis can be caused by infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, protozoa), toxins, stress, sudden dietary changes, or prolonged use of NSAIDs.
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A severe form, right dorsal colitis, involves ulceration of the colon lining and can result in protein loss and more serious systemic illness.
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Key Differences
Diarrhea: Common in colitis, rare in most other colic types
Fever: Often present in colitis, uncommon in typical colic.
Cause: Colitis is inflammatory, sometimes infectious; colic can be caused by blockages, gas, or twists.
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Treatment: Colitis requires supportive care (fluids, electrolytes, anti-inflammatories) and sometimes antibiotics, while other colic types may require surgery or different interventions
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Relationship Between the Two
Colitis is considered a form of colic because it causes abdominal pain, but it is distinguished by its inflammatory nature and associated diarrhea. Early signs of colitis can resemble other colic types, making prompt veterinary evaluation critical for accurate diagnosis and treatment
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In summary, while all colitis cases are technically colic, not all colic is colitis. Recognizing the specific signs of colitis—especially diarrhea and fever—helps differentiate it from other gastrointestinal problems in horses.