07/31/2026
I have been seeing a lot of conversations online lately about service dogs, non service dogs and non pet friendly stores. So, let's break it down. There are 4 groups of dogs.
1: household pet
2: Emotional Support Animal
3: Therapy Animal
4: Service Dog
I think everyone understands what number 1 is. The dog that lives in your home and is the family pet.
The second one is the Emotional Support Animal or ESA. They provide mental and emotional support at home. They do not need any specific training. They are not protected by the ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act). With a letter from a mental health professional they are allowed housing in non pet friendly rental homes/apartments.
Next is the Therapy Animal. These animals do need to have very good obedience and manners. They are allowed into nursing homes, hospitals, etc. by invitation only. These are the dogs that cheer up the elderly in residential homes and other healthcare facilities. You will sometimes even find them in courtrooms.
The last category is the Service Dog. These dogs help someone with a disability to make it easier for the handler to function. There are a lot of different types of service dogs. There are l, of course, seeing eye dogs, dogs for the deaf, diabetic alert dogs, mobility dogs, psychiatric service dogs, and many more. These dogs not only have to have excellent obedience and manners, they also have to be trained to do a specific task that helps with a specific disability. By ADA laws they do not have to have a service dog vest on or any type of specific gear. These are the only animal that is allowed in non pet friendly stores. But, if they cause a disturbance, they can be kicked out of that establishment.
It takes, on average, 2 years to fully train a service dog from 8 weeks, less time if they already have some basic training. Any breed of dog can be a service dog, depending on what they're being used for. For example, a Pomeranian can alert to changes in insulin levels even if they're being carried. Service dogs are not to be in grocery carts, though. That's a health violation. They can be in carts in some non food stores. A rescue dog can be a service dog just as easily as a breeder bred dog. There is no state or federal registration for service dogs. There is no state or federal over sight or testing. Yes, you can have a health professional give you a letter stating you need the dog. But, it's not required. All the websites online that advertise "official service dog registration " are scams. You can print the same thing on your own computer and it would be worth just as much.
What makes a good service dog? First, there's the obvious, it needs to have a stable temperament. Dogs who are anxious, fearful or reactive generally should not be service dogs. They need to be able to do the job they are being trained for. A Pomeranian can not be a mobility dog. They also need to be bonded to their handler. If they're not emotionally bonded, they won't be as willing to pay close attention to their handler. They also have to enjoy working. Your lazy, couch potato dog will probably not enjoy being a service dog.
What's the big deal with non service dogs being in non pet friendly places? Well, first, if a business has had a bad experience with non service/fake service dogs before, they may make things difficult for actual service dogs. Also, if a non service dog attacks a service dog it can cause a lot of PTSD type problems with the service dog. They may end up needing months of retraining or even needing to be pulled from service dog work completely. People that get a service dog from an agency often pay thousands of dollars for their well trained service dog. Owner trained service dogs have months and years of work put into them. It's like breaking someone's power wheelchair and then the person with the disability needing to replace it. According to the ADA, service dogs are classified as medical equipment.
I hope this was educational and that people think twice about taking their non service dog into places that they don't belong.