02/09/2026
Do you know what aspergillosis is, or how dangerous it can be for birds?
Aspergillosis is a serious fungal infection in birds, caused by the fungus Aspergillus. It primarily affects the respiratory system, including the air sacs and lungs. This infection is often slow-moving and difficult to diagnose, and many birds do not show obvious signs of illness until the disease is advanced. In some cases, caregivers may not realize a bird is sick until organ failure is already occurring.
Where is Aspergillus found?
Aspergillus spores are common in the environment and can be found in:
- Moldy or spoiled food
- Natural wood perches that are damp or not properly cleaned
- Damp cage liners
- Soil, compost piles, dead leaves
- Peanuts are especially high risk for aspergillus contamination, particularly peanuts in the shell.
Who is at risk?
Birds with compromised immune systems or birds on a poor diet are at the highest risk. However, all birds can become ill if exposed to a large enough number of spores.
Common symptoms may include:
- Weight loss
- Change in voice or vocalizations
- Lethargy or decreased activity
- Increased drinking and urination
- Respiratory distress, including labored or irregular breathing
Because these symptoms overlap with many other illnesses, aspergillosis cannot be diagnosed through observation alone. If your bird shows behavior changes or you believe they may have been exposed to aspergillus, contact an avian veterinarian immediately.
Treatment
Treating aspergillosis is often complex and slow. Depending on severity, treatment may include antifungal medications given orally, intravenously, or topically. In advanced cases, surgery may be required to remove fungal plaques. Aftercare can involve hospitalization, oxygen therapy, tube feeding, and supplemental heat.
Ways to help prevent aspergillosis:
- Never offer peanuts in the shell
- Clean cages frequently and change liners regularly
- Replace food and water daily
- Feed a balanced, species-appropriate diet
- Ensure proper ventilation and monitor humidity levels
- Regularly clean and thoroughly dry natural wood perches
Awareness and prevention are key. Small daily habits can make a big difference in protecting birds from this potentially fatal infection.