12/24/2025
Finally got their set up the way I wanted. They seem to enjoy it; already digging deep in the substrate.
The Giant African Millipede:
A Forest Floor Architect. The Giant African millipede is a remarkable arthropod defined by its segmented body, protective exoskeleton, and an incredible number of legs. Typically dark brown or black, these rounded creatures can grow between 4 and 12 inches in length.
Anatomy and Growth:
Their heads feature two sensitive antennae and simple eyes known as ocelli, along with a specialized mouthpart called a maxilla. Interestingly, while the head is legless, the rest of the body is a feat of engineering. A millipede starts with fewer segments but adds a new one—complete with four legs—every time it molts. Mature individuals can boast up to 40 or more segments and as many as 400 legs!
Almost every segment of their body also has two pairs of internal organs.
Because they lack lungs, these millipedes breathe through tiny pores called spiracles lining their bodies. This adaptation makes them sensitive to moisture; while they enjoy damp environments, they can actually drown if they become submerged.
Survival and Symbiosis:
To defend against predators like birds and reptiles, the millipede employs a two-tier defense system. First, it coils into a tight spiral, using its armor-like calcareous plates for protection. If that doesn't work, it secretes a foul-smelling "repugnatorial fluid" to deter hungry attackers.
They don't live alone, however. Tiny symbiotic mites often live on their shells. These mites act as a cleaning crew, eating fungus and debris off the millipede’s exoskeleton in exchange for a safe home and a free ride.
The Ultimate Recycler: As detritivores, Giant African millipedes play a vital role in the ecosystem. By eating decaying wood and plants, they break down organic matter and return it to the earth as nutrient-rich waste. This process creates fresh, fertile soil, making them the natural "gardeners" of the rainforest.
