04/15/2026
Leptospirosis in Dogs
As the weather warms up here in South Jersey, we start seeing more outdoor activityāfor both pets and wildlife. With that comes an increased risk of leptospirosis, a serious bacterial infection weāre diagnosing more frequently in our area.
What is leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis (or āleptoā) is a bacteria spread through the urine of infected wildlifeāmost commonly raccoons, skunks, foxes, and rodents. It can survive in wet environments like puddles, standing water, mud, and even damp soil.
How do dogs get it?
Dogs donāt need to be deep in the woods to be exposed. Infection can happen by:
⢠Drinking from puddles or standing water
⢠Walking through contaminated soil or mud
⢠Contact with wildlife urine (even in your backyard)
⢠Licking paws after being outside
Why we consider it a core vaccine now
Lepto used to be considered a ālifestyleā vaccineābut not anymore. In our area, exposure risk is everywhere, including suburban neighborhoods like ours. Because of how easily dogs can come into contact with this bacteria, we now strongly recommend the leptospirosis vaccine as part of routine (core) protection. Especially after the winter we had, the standing water from the melted snow is everywhere.
Why itās serious
Leptospirosis can cause:
⢠Kidney failure
⢠Liver disease
⢠Fever, vomiting, and lethargy
⢠In severe cases, it can be life-threatening
Itās also zoonotic, meaning it can spread to peopleāespecially through contact with infected urine.
Treatment
Leptospirosis can be treated, especially when caught early, but it often requires:
⢠Hospitalization
⢠IV fluids
⢠Antibiotics
⢠Close monitoring of kidney and liver function
Even with treatment, some dogs can have lasting organ damageāwhich is why prevention is so important. Vaccination is the best way to protect your dog. Avoiding standing water and limiting wildlife exposure helpsābut realistically, we canāt eliminate all risk.
If you have questions about whether your dog is protected, weāre always happy to talk. Keeping our pets (and families) safe is what weāre here for š