07/13/2025
Anxiety in Animals
How do you know if an animal is anxious? Are there telltale signs that you should be aware of or even look for? Should you even care or when should you care about anxiety? Animals with anxiety can trigger them to be fearful, strike out, have inappropriate behavior (urinate, defecate, be destructive, pace, vocalize, dig, try to escape, hide etc.). While some people may find this interesting, it is not always normal behavior. If the behavior persists, becomes worse over time, or especially if aggression is involved it is time to have your pet evaluated. Some anxiety is normal, but when an animal becomes highly stressed, it is time to help them better cope with the anxiety.
There are different kinds of anxiety. In dogs, the most common are loud noises, separation anxiety, guarding food, toys, territory, etc., and change in routine. Older dogs may experience cognitive dysfunction (age-related degeneration in brain function) by pacing, panting, getting up and down a lot, or being lost. Anxiety is recognized more easily in dogs since they tend to be with their owners either through recreation, working, or daily living. Cats show anxiety with dilated pupils, aggression, hiding, grooming (usually an increase), change in litter box usage, and tail twitching.
Horses and other large animals can also show signs of anxiety as well. Owing that horses tend to have more direct contact with their owners, their signs are more recognizable. Anxiety can show up as cribbing, pacing, resistance to training or handling, aggression, tail twitching, startling easily, or sweating. Other species of animals may also show signs of anxiety, so it is not just limited to animals that we are most familiar with.
Anxiety can create a lot of problems for not only the owners, but the animals. To not fully appreciate an animal displaying signs of anxiety, is potentially affecting their overall mental and physical wellbeing. These animals become highly stressed and generally donāt act appropriately to unwanted stimuli. This includes anxiety during a specific event (separation, thunder storms, fireworks, etc.) or chronic. It is similar to music blaring for long lengths of time, being afraid of small spaces, being unable to sleep for days, or loud noises being repeated over and over and not knowing when it will end. This is stressful for anyone. Repeatedly being anxious not only weakens the immune system, but other health problems may arise. In addition, bonding with humans and other animals is difficult for anxious animals and this apprehension prevents these animals from enjoying daily activities that other animals seem to love.
Helping animals that initially show signs of distress is much easier than dealing with highly stressed animals. Therefore, early intervention can decrease the time needed to correct the behavior (destructive ā highly undesirable, aggressive- potentially dangerous and life threatening). If you are not sure if you should be concerned about a behavior, talk to your veterinarian.
For short term anxiety, there are medications that can help. For longer term anxiety, it may be more involved. Bloodwork and/or other diagnostics may be performed to be sure that something else is not going on. Inappropriate urination may be a bladder infection or incontinence. Cats can have an aversion to the litter or a litter box that is not daily cleaned. Litter boxes that self-clean can scare selected cats because of the noise, design, and/or litter being used. Once health problems and other environmental issues have been taken care of, then appropriate training, activities, and medication can be done. It may be trial and error to find out what works best.
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