30/11/2022
source: fish in the news
Researchers examine the evolutionary relationship and origins among ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ strains using association-mapping to identify the genetic basis of several different traits developed in ornamental ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ fish, such as the Dumbo Ear ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ and Giant ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐. The discussion looks at how s*x determination, fin morphology, colouration, body size, aggressiveness, and other behaviours have been altered and fixed in the genome of modern ornamental ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ fish through selective breeding.
Open-access - https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abm4955
Direct PDF - https://www.science.org/doi/epdf/10.1126/sciadv.abm4955?fbclid=IwAR3YX_1rJoXY4rEY3HucwnoOX854x8h-UAXhB0wxKXpBcv4HdwlPFbdXwZs
Supplemental Material (direct PDF) -https://www.science.org/doi/suppl/10.1126/sciadv.abm4955/suppl_file/sciadv.abm4955_sm.pdf
We covered this excellent paper back in May of last year (2021) when it was published as a preprint. This paper has now been peer-reviewed and adds additional information (supplemental PDF and within the main discussion itself) and is very much worth a revisit.
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The genetic architecture of phenotypic diversity in the Betta fish (๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ )
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S. Prost, M. Petersen, M. Grethlein, S. J. Hahn, N. Kuschik-Maczollek, M. E. Olesiuk, J.-O. Reschke, T. E. Schmey, C. Zimmer, D. K. Gupta, T. Schell, R. Coimbra, J. De Raad, F. Lammers, S. Winter, A. Janke, Improving the chromosome-level genome assembly of the Siamese fighting fish (๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ) in a university masterโs course. G3 (Bethesda) 10, 2179โ2183 (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abm4955
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The ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ fish displays a remarkable variety of phenotypes selected during domestication. However, the genetic basis underlying these traits remains largely unexplored.
Here, we report a high-quality genome assembly and resequencing of 727 individuals representing diverse morphotypes of the ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ fish. We show that current breeds have a complex domestication history with extensive introgression with wild species. Using a genome-wide association study, we identify the genetic basis of multiple traits, including coloration patterns, the โDumboโ phenotype with pectoral fin outgrowth, extraordinary enlargement of body size that we map to a major locus on chromosome 8, the s*x determination locus that we map to dmrt1, and the long-fin phenotype that maps to the locus containing kcnj15.
We also identify a polygenic signal related to aggression, involving multiple neural system-related genes such as esyt2, apbb2, and pank2. Our study provides a resource for developing the ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ fish as a genetic model for morphological and behavioral research in vertebrates.
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Top - Maximum likelihood tree of concatenated genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for domesticated and wild forms of ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ . The tree is truncated at the branch connecting to individuals of other ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ species, and the untruncated tree can be found in fig. S5. The dashed-line circle indicates the wild ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ fish.
Bottom - Taken from the Supplemental Material PDF attached to this article.
Illustration of samples used in this study. Images (A-R) are different domesticated breeds of the Siamese fighting fish and (S-Y) are different wild ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ species. (A) Solid Red Halfmoon Plakat (HMPK); (B) Solid Yellow HMPK; (C) Solid Orange HMPK; (D) Turquoise-green HMPK; (E) Royal-blue HMPK; (F) Steel-blue HMPK; (G) Solid Black HMPK; (H) Solid Opaque HMPK; (I) Copper HMPK; (J) Dragon HMPK; (K) Giant HMPK; (L) Mosaic HMPK; (M) Dumbo HMPK; (N ) Dumbo Halfmoon; (O) Halfmoon; (P) Crowntail; (Q) Veiltail; (R) Fighter; (S) wild ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ; (T) ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ; (U) ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ก๐๐๐๐ ; (V) ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐๐โ๐๐โ๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ; (W) ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐; (X) ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ guitar; (Y ) ๐ต๐๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ ๐ก๐๐๐ก๐๐ .
๐ช๐ต๐ฎ๐ ๐ถ๐ ๐ฎ ๐ฃ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ป๐ ๐ฃ๐๐ฏ๐น๐ถ๐ฐ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป?
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/what-unrefereed-preprint
