Veterinarian To Be

02/06/2025

Egg Fertilisation Process in Chicken:
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Here's a detailed explanation of the egg fertilisation process in chickens:

# Mating and S***m Storage:
1. *Mating*:
A rooster mates with a hen, depositing s***m into the hen's cloaca (a shared opening for the reproductive, urinary, and digestive systems).
2. *S***m storage*:
The s***m then travel to the hen's infundibulum (a part of the oviduct), where they are stored in tiny tubules called s***m storage tubules.

# Egg Formation and Fertilisation:
1. *Yolk release*:
A yolk is released from the hen's o***y into the oviduct.
2. *White formation*:
The yolk is surrounded by egg whites (albumen) as it travels through the oviduct.
3. *Fertilisation*:
If s***m are present in the infundibulum, one s***m will pe*****te the yolk's outer layer and fuse with the yolk's nucleus, fertilizing the egg.
4. *Eggshell formation*:
The fertilized egg continues through the oviduct, where the eggshell and membranes are formed.

# Fertility Duration:
1. *Fertility window*:
Fertilisation typically occurs within 24-30 hours after mating.
2. *S***m viability*:
Stored s***m can remain viable for several weeks, allowing the hen to lay fertile eggs for an extended period.

Keep in mind that factors like
-breed,
-nutrition, and
-health can influence the fertility and hatchability of eggs.

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02/06/2025

01/06/2025

Distemper in dog.

01/06/2025

Sign of arthritis in dog.

29/05/2025

Jersey Dairy Cow 🐄🐄

🟨Distinctive appearance:Jerseys are known for their light brown color, which can range from a creamy fawn to a dark mulberry. They also have black switches (long hair on the end of the tail), black hooves, and a lighter band around their muzzles.

🟨Small stature:Jerseys are one of the smallest dairy breeds, with cows weighing between 350 and 400 kg and bulls weighing between 600 and 700 kg. Their compact size makes them well-suited for smaller farms and pastures.

🟨High milk production:Jerseys are known for their efficient milk production, producing up to 10 times their body weight in milk per lactation. Their milk is also high in butterfat, with an average of 4.5%, making it ideal for making cheese, butter, and ice cream.

🟨Docile temperament: Jerseys are generally calm and docile animals, making them easy to handle and manage. They are also known for their good mothering instincts.

🟨Adaptability:Jerseys are adaptable to a variety of climates and can thrive in both hot and cold conditions. They are also relatively disease-resistant.

🟨Long lifespan:Jerseys have a longer lifespan than many other dairy breeds, with cows averaging 12 to 15 years of production.

🟨Efficiency:Jerseys are one of the most efficient dairy breeds, converting feed into milk more effectively than other breeds. This makes them a cost-effective option for dairy farmers.

🟨Nutritional value: Jersey milk is a good source of protein, calcium, and vitamin D. It also contains conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a fatty acid that has been linked to various health benefits.

🟨Versatility:Jersey milk can be used to make a variety of products, including cheese, butter, ice cream, yogurt.

🟨Sustainability:Jersey cows are a sustainable option for dairy production, as they have a low environmental impact. They are also well-suited for organic farming practices.

29/05/2025

How Do Vets and Doctors Read X-Rays.?

Ever wondered how experts interpret these grayscale X-ray images?

When X-rays pass through the body, different tissues absorb rays at varying levels, creating distinct shades of grayscle. These shades help identify structures and potential issues:

Air Black (e.g., lungs)

Fat Dark Gray

Soft Tissues Medium Gray (e.g., muscles, organs)

Bone Light Gray/White

Metal Bright White (e.g., implants, foreign objects)

Why It Matters:

By analyzing these shades, vets and radiologists can:

Detect fractures or bone diseases

Spot foreign objects or blockages

Identify tumors, enlarged organs, or abnormal fluid buildup

29/05/2025

Technique of epidural anesthesia in large ruminants

29/05/2025

Understanding Canine Fibrosarcoma: A Silent Threat in Dogs

Canine fibrosarcoma is a malignant tumor arising from fibrous connective tissue, often affecting middle-aged to older dogs.

These tumors are typically aggressive locally, invading surrounding tissues, and may recur even after surgical removal.

While metastasis is less common, it's not impossible.

Early detection is key-any persistent lump or swelling should be evaluated by a veterinarian. Advanced imaging and biopsy are critical for diagnosis, and treatment often includes surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy.

Raising awareness about fibrosarcoma is vital for timely intervention and improved outcomes. Let's stay informed and vigilant for our canine companions.

29/05/2025

Type of pig breeds.

29/05/2025

🦠 Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF): A Serious Zoonotic Threat – What Veterinarians and Animal Handlers Need to Know 🐄🩺

As veterinary professionals, we play a critical role in preventing zoonotic diseases, especially during high-risk seasons. One of the most concerning of these diseases is Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) — a tick-borne viral disease that can spread from animals to humans, especially during slaughtering, skinning, and close animal contact.

🔬 What is CCHF?
CCHF is caused by the Nairovirus, primarily transmitted through:

Bites from infected Hyalomma ticks

Contact with blood, tissues, or secretions of infected animals

Secondary human-to-human transmission through bodily fluids

👨‍⚕️ Why Should Veterinarians Be Concerned?
Veterinarians, livestock handlers, and butchers are high-risk groups due to their close contact with potentially infected animals. CCHF often shows no symptoms in animals, making it harder to detect and control.

🧪 Symptoms in Humans Include:

Sudden high fever

Muscle aches and dizziness

Vomiting and diarrhea

Bleeding from nose, gums, or under the skin
💀 The disease can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated early.

🛡️ Veterinary Safety Guidelines:
✔️ Always wear PPE (gloves, gowns, boots) when handling livestock
✔️ Inspect animals for tick infestations and treat accordingly
✔️ Educate farmers and handlers on safe practices
✔️ Ensure slaughterhouses follow biosecurity protocols
✔️ Properly dispose of animal waste and blood
✔️ Report any suspicious animal deaths or illnesses to authorities

🕌 Eid al-Adha Reminder:
With increased animal movement and home slaughtering during Eid, the risk of CCHF transmission spikes. Please raise awareness in your communities and ensure proper hygiene and handling are observed.

📢 As veterinarians, let’s lead the fight against zoonotic diseases through science, service, and education.

Keep following Veterinarian To Be

28/05/2025

Heartwater (Also called Cowdriosis)

1. Cause (Etiology)
Heartwater is caused by a bacteria-like organism called Ehrlichia ruminatum. It is spread by ticks, especially the Amblyomma ticks.

2. Economic importance.
- Sudden deaths of valuable animals
- Loss of productivity (milk, meat)
- Expensive treatment and prevention
- Loss of young stock

3. Transmission
- Spread through bites from infected Amblyomma ticks
- Ticks pick it from infected animals and spread to others
- Not spread directly between animals

4. Animals affected
- Cattle
- Goats
- Sheep
- Wild ruminants (less often)

5. Clinical signs.

Per-Acute form (Very fast):
- Sudden death
- Convulsions
- Diarrhea

Sub-Acute form:
- High fever lasting days
- Coughing
- Breathing difficulty (fluid in lungs)
- May recover or die in 1–2 weeks

Subclinical form
- Seen in resistant breeds
- Mild fever or no signs

6. Postmortem lesions (After death)
- Fluid around the heart (hydropericardium)
- Fluid in chest (hydrothorax)
- Fluid in abdomen (ascites)
- Small bleeding spots in intestines (petechiae, hemorrhages)
- Brain swelling and congestion

7. Differential diagnosis (Look-alike diseases)
- Rabies
- Tetanus
- Poisoning
- Meningitis
- Babesiosis
- East Coast Fever (ECF)

8. Prevention
- Regular tick control (spraying, dipping)
- Use tick-free pastures when possible
- Isolate and monitor new or sick animals
- Early RX with oxytetracycline helps save infected animals. But late RX after nervous signs is not effective.

Note:
Early detection and veterinary help are key to reducing losses from Heartwater.

27/05/2025

Introduction and Medicinal Importance of Kadaknath Chicken:

Kadaknath, also known as BMC chicken, is a breed of chicken known for its black meat. Its feathers and skin are also black. In local language, Kadaknath is also called "Kalamasi" or "Kalamas" due to the black color of its meat, skin, and feathers. This breed, believed to have originated in Madhya Pradesh, India, is especially popular among the tribal communities of India. Traditionally, it has been used in various festivals and as offerings to deities. Over time, due to excessive consumption and low production, this breed became rare, and its natural habitats were also lost. As a result, Kadaknath chicken is now considered endangered.

Medicinal Importance:

Treatment for infertility and neurological and heart-related diseases: The meat of this breed is beneficial, especially for women suffering from infertility, and people with brain and heart-related issues.

Chronic illnesses: The meat is helpful in treating chronic diseases such as arthritis, asthma, cancer, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), diabetes, and viral diseases like hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS.

Blood pressure: It is used medicinally for individuals with blood pressure problems.

Immunity booster: Due