19/11/2023
DE PETITS RUMINANTS IN GOAT ( PPR)
Ovine rinderpest, also commonly known as peste des petits ruminants (PPR), is a contagious disease primarily affecting goats and sheep; however, camels and wild small ruminants can also be affected.PPR is currently present in North, Central, West and East Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. It is caused by small ruminants morbillivirus in the genus Morbillivirus, and is closely related to, among others, rinderpest morbillivirus, measles morbillivirus, and canine morbillivirus (previously known as canine distemper virus). The disease is highly contagious, and can have an 80–100% mortality rate in acute cases in an epizootic setting. The virus does not infect humans.
The disease was first described in 1942 in Côte d'Ivoire, and has since been detected in more than 70 countries in the world.
In 2017, the disease was reported to be affecting saiga in Mongolia, causing near-catastrophic herd depletion for the endangered species.
In 2018, it was stated that the disease was reported to be in Bulgaria close to the border with Turkey.] In a flock of 540 sheep and goats, two animals tested positive and one died, with disease confirmed by only one laboratory without any further tests. (Peste de Petits Ruminants in Bulgaria 25 June 2018 Ref: VITT/1200 PPR in Bulgaria)
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS..
Symptoms are similar to those of rinderpest in cattle and involves oral necrosis, mucopurulent nasal and ocular discharges, cough, pneumonia, and diarrhea,[8] though they vary according to the previous immune status of the sheep, the geographic location, the time of year, or if the infection is new or chronic. They also vary according to the breed of sheep. However, fever in addition to either diarrhea or signs of oral discomfort is sufficient to suspect the diagnosis. Incubation period is 3–5 days.
Hyperacute cases
Hyperacute cases are found dead without previous symptoms. They die with a serous, foamy, or haemorrhagic discharge