15/01/2026
**Getting ahead of the times is not always an advantage**
Understanding earlier does not mean being heard earlier.
In 2006, at the FIAMO Congress, I presented a paper on equine stereotypies that arose from a simple and uncomfortable question:
are we really talking about animal welfare, or merely about functional management?
The starting point was ethological. The horse is a social, nomadic, exploratory species, shaped for movement, continuous grazing, and relationship.
Stabling, early isolation, coercive training practices, and intermittent athletic use represent a departure from the species archetype, with psychological consequences that precede the physical ones.
Stereotypies (crib-biting, aerophagia, weaving, head shaking, lignophagia, aggression, work-related or transport-related anxiety) are not “vices,” but failed adaptive strategies to chronic, non-processable stress.
In that work, I argued that:
* many apparently unrelated clinical conditions (colic, lameness, ulcers, dermatitis) share a psycho-relational root
* veterinary medicine tends to medicalize what is instead a problem of relationship, environment, and meaning
* care cannot disregard the animal’s biopathography: its emotional, management, and relational history
Classical homeopathy, when grounded in solid ethological knowledge, allows the integration of symptom, behavior, and context—but only if accompanied by a revision of management practices and a genuine behavioral rehabilitation plan.
Looking back at that work today confirms one thing: nearly twenty years later, when we speak about equine welfare, not even the minimum box dimensions have changed.