29/07/2025
Pyometra in dogs is a serious and potentially life-threatening uterine infection characterized by the accumulation of pus. It's most common in older, unspayed female dogs and often occurs a few weeks after a heat cycle. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, with surgery being the most common and effective method.
What is Pyometra?
Pyometra is a uterine infection in dogs where the uterus fills with pus and bacteria. This condition is typically caused by hormonal changes during and after a heat cycle, creating an environment where bacteria can thrive. There are two types: open pyometra, where pus drains from the v***a, and closed pyometra, where the pus is trapped inside the uterus.
Causes:
Hormonal changes:
Progesterone levels remain elevated after a heat cycle, thickening the uterine lining and creating a suitable environment for bacteria to grow.
Bacterial infection:
E. coli is the most common bacteria involved, but other bacteria can also contribute to the infection.
Symptoms:
Open Pyometra:
Vaginal discharge (pus), increased thirst and urination, lethargy, loss of appetite, and abdominal bloating.
Closed Pyometra:
Symptoms may be less obvious initially, including vomiting, lethargy, loss of appetite, increased thirst, and abdominal distention. A closed pyometra can be more dangerous because the infection is trapped inside the uterus.
Diagnosis:
Physical examination, including checking for a distended abdomen and vaginal discharge.
Blood tests to check for elevated white blood cell count and other indicators of infection.
X-rays and ultrasound to visualize the enlarged, fluid-filled uterus.
Treatment:
Surgery (Ovariohysterectomy):
The most common and effective treatment, involving surgical removal of the infected uterus and ovaries.
Medical management:
In some cases, antibiotics, fluids, and hormone therapy may be used, but surgery is generally preferred, especially in severe cases.
Importance of prompt treatment:
Pyometra can be a life-threatening condition if left untreated, potentially leading to uterine rupture, kidney failure, and septic shock. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for a positive outcome.
Safe recovery
