27/03/2025
⚠️案例 - 膀胱結石
膀胱結石（亦稱為「尿石」）是貓和狗膀胱內形成的固體礦物質沉積物。膀胱結石有多種類型，其中最常見的是鳥糞石和草酸鈣石。尿石病的臨床症狀可能包括頻尿（比平常更頻繁地小便）、血尿（尿液帶血）、排尿困難（用力排尿）、尿痛（排尿困難或疼痛），以及在某些情況下無法排尿或尿道阻塞。膀胱結石通常最初以尿液中的晶體聚集形式形成。當尿液的pH值、濃度或礦物質含量發生變化時，可能會形成晶體。這可能由多種因素引起，包括飲水量、飲食，或尿路感染和細菌導致尿液變化。某些動物品種也可能更容易形成特定類型的結石。
膀胱結石的治療和管理可能包括手術移除、針對可溶解結石的處方糧，以及治療可能同時發生的尿道感染。
花花、番薯和小白是最近因異常排尿來診所就診的三隻狗。它們都被診斷出患有膀胱結石，不幸的是，三隻狗都需要接受手術治療。為特定患者選擇的治療方法可能取決於多種因素，包括懷疑的結石類型、患者的性別（雄性由於尿道較長且較窄，可能有更高的尿道阻塞風險）、臨床症狀、是否存在其他併發疾病以及對藥物治療的反應
手術後，患者可能需要調整飲食並建議進行監測，以防止復發。
現在，這三名患者都已從手術中康復，排尿正常，並恢復到它們快樂的自我！
Bladder Stones
Bladder stones (also known as "uroliths") are solid mineral deposits that form within the bladder lumen of cats and dogs.
Many different types of bladder stones exist, with the most common types being struvite and calcium oxalate.
The clinical signs of urolithisasis may include pollakiuria (urinating more frequently than usual), hematuria (bloody urine), stranguria (straining to urinate), dysuria (difficulty/ painful urination) and in some cases inability to urinate/urethral blockage.
Bladder Stones initially form as a collection of crystals that develop with the urine. Crystals may form when there is a change in urine pH, concentration, or mineral content within the urine. This may be due to a range of factors including water intake, diet, or urinary tract infections/ bacteria leading to a change within the urine. Some breeds may also be predisposed to certain types of stone formation.
Treatment and management of bladder stones may include surgical removal, dietary dissolution for certain types of stones, and treatment of any concurrent urinary tract infections that are present.
FaFa, Fan Shu and Siu Pak are 3 dogs that came to the clinic recently for abnormal urination.
They were all diagnosed with bladder stones and unfortunately all 3 dogs needed surgery. The treatment chosen for any particular patient may depend on a range of factors including the suspected type of stone, the gender of the patient (males have a higher risk of urethral obstruction), clinical signs, any concurrent disease and response to medical treatment.
All 3 patients have recovered from their surgeries and are now back to their happy selves!
