23/08/2025
🤕🤢 Symptom Saturday! 🤧🤒
🌟 Dry Eyes 🌟
🐾 Many of us have, from time to time, experienced dry eyes, but as our pets can't tell us how their eyes feel we have to look at their symptoms and behaviours to determine if their eyes are feeling dry and irritated.
🐾 Reduced tear production and the resulting lack of lubrication is a condition called Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), but is commonly referred to as “Dry Eye”.
🐾 Pets with dry eyes often have sore eyes that they might rub and might not open fully. Pain might make them subdued and anorexic. Dry eyes are prone to inflammation, infection and damage and so might be red, swollen or have sticky discharge.
🐾 Some causes of dry eyes are short in duration while others are life-long conditions. Some medications can reduce tear production or infection, inflammation or trauma can lead to less tears reaching the eye. Nerve damage to the facial nerves can result in lack of tear production. The most common cause of KCS is the animal's own immune system working against the tear ducts and leaving them unable to produce enough tears. We normally don't know why this happens.
🐾 Diagnosis tends to be made by performing a tear test, where a test strip end is placed under the eyelid and the tear production is measured over a minute. The Vet will also perform a full eye exam and assess the patient to allow them to determine the cause.
🐾 Treatment involves applying replacement lubricant eye drops and administering appropriate medication to treat the underlying cause. Medications are available to stimulate tear production in the case of nerve damage and to suppress the immune response in immune-mediated cases.
🐾 Many animals are controlled well on medications, but for some, other solutions need to be found. Surgically redirecting a salivary gland to provide lubrication to the eye is possible, but it is a very technical, expensive referral procedure.
🐾 In some cases, particularly if the problem is restricted to one eye, enucleation, as we discussed on Wednesday, might be appropriate to prevent the pain from the damage that insufficiently controlled KCS causes.
🐾 As always, if you are worried about your pet please give us a call ☎️