21/03/2022
Finally a sunny week ahead! These early spring days can often be a dangerous time as we are not the only ones to enjoy the first warm sunshine of the year. For our native cold-blooded wildlife, these warm days mean an opportunity after the long cold winter months to bask in the sunshine and become fully active again after leaving hibernation.
The adder (Vipera berus) is our only native snake which is venomous and therefore potentially harmful. Most adder bites occur between April and July. Adders are mostly secretive and prefer to avoid contact with other animals and humans, however until their body temperature rises enough they are sluggish and often cannot get out of the way in time when danger approaches. An inquisitive nose sniffing the ground or a paw put down in close proximity can get into trouble if the snake strikes in self defence - most adder bites we see are on the head, neck, lower legs or feet.
Adders can vary in colour from pale grey through green brown shade to reddish brown. All colour varieties have a dark brown or black zig zag pattern on their backs but this can be difficult to see in shaded light. Unless injured the adder will move away from the scene as quickly as possible so it is only very rarely that the snake can be seen and identified.
If you suspect your dog may have been bitten by an adder please ring your vets immediately so that they can be prepared to attend to your dog as soon as you arrive.
Signs of an adder bite:
🐍 Very rapid swelling around the area of the bite
🐍 Bruising or bleeding where bitten
🐍 Weakness and lethargy
🐍 Panting
🐍 Lameness
🐍 Drooling
🐍 Vomiting
If bitten your dog may show some or all of these symptoms and they are likely to get progressively worse as time passes after the incident. Adder bites are very painful so even the most stoical of dogs will be showing signs of severe discomfort and will not want to be touched around the area of the bite. If left untreated the dog may develop tremors and convulsions, blood clotting disorders and eventually collapse.
If you are not sure exactly what happened but suspect that your dog may have been bitten please call your vets - even if your dog is yet to show any signs.
First aid:
🐍 Try to keep calm, in this way your dog is more likely to remain calm too. Stress and excitement can speed up your dog’s circulation and therefore the spread of toxins.
🐍 Ignore the snake, don’t risk getting bitten yourself and remember that they are a protected species so harming them is illegal.
🐍 Do not prod or poke the bite area, it will be very painful and your dog will not appreciate it.
🐍 Carry or calmly walk your dog back to your vehicle, excessive movement and excitement can speed up the spread of the toxins.
At the hospital:
Treatment protocols will depend on the severity of the bite, how much time has passed since the bite occurred and other factors including the general health of your dog and whether they have any pre-existing medical conditions. Your dog will be admitted to the hospital for monitoring and close observation and blood tests may be run. Treatment will initially focus on alleviating shock, minimising swelling, supportive care and pain relief. In some cases anti-venom may be recommended.
☀️ Otherwise enjoy the sun! ☀️