02/09/2026
We determine if our animals are curious and looking for the good, or vigilant, watching for what to avoid.
If a whip, wand, carrot stick, flag, bamboo, stick, branch, training “aid” or whatever you want to call it, works in the way you want it to, then it doesn’t matter what YOU think of it or what you call it or what stories you tell yourself about it.
It’s what the horse/animal thinks and feels about the tool and how they behave around it that’s important and relevant.
If you’re using it as a way to get the horse to do a behaviour, you have to consider how the horse feels about the tool as well.
If you want personal space, boundaries, not to get run over, etc and the tool is giving you that, you have to think about what the tool represents to the horse.
When your training program involves the escape and avoidance behaviours of Negative Reinforcement ("pressure and release"), your horse is more likely to be looking for stimuli that they need to avoid and escape from, because of their overall training experience.
That can mean that when you are using certain tools like whips, they interpret them a certain way and a very different way to a horse trained with Positive Reinforcement, where they’re looking for opportunities to gain things they like such as food.
You don’t need to whip a horse or even touch them to trigger avoidance behaviours that cause the horse to move.
When I watch people training with whips, I see horses driven forwards, moved sideways, forward movement blocked with whips, without them having to be touched. The horse is continually avoiding the whip, dancing left and right, forwards and backwards and even rearing upwards!
Gosh, it’s so easy to train like that!
When you train a horse with Positive Reinforcement training, you’ve spent a lot of time figuring out how to train behaviours without causing the horse escape and avoidance behaviours, without aversive “pressure”. In this way you may have trained your horse to love training, to love being with you and to look and listen for R+ trained cues or prompts. It means they’re not vigilant in order to avoid tools or whips or watch the way you move for them to move in a certain way.
Positive Reinforcement training creates curious and confident horses, rather than wary and vigilant horses. They tell us when they’re not comfortable about things and we can change what we are doing and plan our training to help them feel better. This means they are less likely to be reactive or looking to escape and avoid something.
I don’t need to use whips to elicit behaviour or use them as a cue or a command.
I don’t need to try to convince myself:
“I only have to carry the whip, I don’t use it!”
“The whip is just an extension of my arm!”
“The whip is just communication!”
I hear these statements all the time in the horse world and I'm sure there are dog equivalents! But what is really happening??
From Eileen Anderson:
"Another easy place to see it is in traditional horse videos. Horses are so attractive and look so beautiful being put through their paces that we dog people can often be fooled. There will be some nice verbiage about the natural method or the “think” method or what neuroscience proves. But look for the appetitive. Look for the yummy treat or the butt scratches. Something the horse enjoys, not the relief of something uncomfortable stopping. If you don’t see the fun stuff, the good stuff, you are probably seeing aversive control. The horse is performing because of discomfort or the threat of it: avoidance."
Read her fantastic blog about how avoidance works, whether it's whips, a flag or a bag on a stick, spray bottles, shock or prong collars.
I love the title:
"I Just Show Him the Water Bottle and He Behaves—I Don’t Have to Sq**rt Him!"
The link is in the comments.