08/21/2022
WARNING: Blastomycosis diagnosed in Six Mile Lake, Port Severn dog. (August 2022)
Blastomycosis is a fungal disease caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis. Blastomyces dermatitidis is typically found in warm, moist soil. In Ontario, the highest risk regions are around Georgian Bay, northwestern Ontario and the Ottawa region.
When contaminated soil is disturbed, fungal spores can be released into the air. When the fungal spores are inhaled, they settle in the small airways and begin to reproduce. The organism then spreads throughout the body and may infect other organs. Dogs appear to be more susceptible to blastomycosis than many other species.
Not everyone who is exposed to the fungus gets sick. When signs do occur, they often take a few weeks to a few months to appear. The initial signs are often the same as other lung infections, including: fever, depression, loss of appetite, cough, increased respiratory rate or effort and weight loss.
The infection can be treated in many cases using antifungal medication if caught early, but typically requires 4-6 months of treatment. Approximately 50-75% of dogs with blastomycosis recover.
Dogs with advanced disease or other conditions are less likely to survive. Relapse of the infection can occur in some cases, so regular follow-up exams and testing are also very important.