04/04/2025
Heat stroke (also called heat exhaustion or hyperthermia) in dogs is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when a dog becomes overheated and is unable to regulate its body temperature. Dogs are more prone to heat stroke because they have fewer sweat glands (only on their paws) and rely heavily on panting to cool down. When they are exposed to high temperatures for too long, their body temperature can rise to dangerous levels, causing damage to their organs.
Signs of Heat Stroke in Dogs:
Excessive panting: Rapid, heavy panting is often the first sign.
Salivating/Thick saliva: Excessive drooling or foamy saliva can occur.
Bright red or pale gums: Gums may become bright red due to overheating or pale if circulation is poor.
Weakness or lethargy: The dog may seem unusually tired or weak.
Vomiting or diarrhea: Stomach upset is common in cases of severe heat stroke.
Uncoordinated or wobbly gait: Difficulty walking, staggering, or loss of balance.
Confusion or disorientation: The dog may seem confused, unresponsive, or dazed.
Seizures or collapse: In extreme cases, the dog may have seizures or even collapse.
Causes of Heat Stroke:
Hot weather: Exposure to high temperatures, especially in poorly ventilated areas.
Exercise: Intense activity, especially in hot weather, can quickly lead to heat stroke.
Lack of water or shade: Dogs that don’t have access to fresh water or cool, shaded areas are more prone to overheating.
Breed: Brachycephalic breeds (dogs with short snouts, like Bulldogs, Pugs, and Boxers) are at higher risk due to their compromised ability to pant effectively.
Age or health conditions: Older dogs, puppies, and dogs with health problems are more susceptible.
Prevention:
Provide shade and water: Always ensure your dog has access to fresh water and a shaded area when outdoors.
Avoid intense exercise in heat: Limit exercise during the hottest parts of the day, typically between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.
Avoid hot environments: Never leave your dog in a parked car, even for a short period, as temperatures can rise rapidly inside.
Air circulation: Make sure your dog has access to cool, well-ventilated spaces.
Cooling mats or fans: Use cooling mats or fans to help keep your dog comfortable during hot weather.
Treatment for Heat Stroke:
Move the dog to a cooler place: Get them out of the heat immediately and into a cooler, shaded area.
Cool the dog down gradually: Use cool (not cold) water to wet their body, particularly around the paws, ears, and belly. Avoid using ice-cold water, as it can cause shock.
Provide water: Offer small amounts of cool water, but don’t force the dog to drink if they’re not responsive.
Veterinary care: Seek immediate veterinary attention, especially if your dog’s condition is severe. The vet may need to provide intravenous fluids, medications, and monitor for organ damage.
Prognosis:
The outcome of heat stroke depends on how quickly the dog is treated. With prompt and effective cooling and veterinary intervention, many dogs recover fully. However, if not treated quickly, heat stroke can cause permanent organ damage, brain injury, or even death.
Always take precautions to prevent heat stroke—it's far easier to avoid than to treat once it has occurred. If you're ever unsure about your dog's condition in hot weather, it's always better to err on the side of caution and seek veterinary advice.
