10/06/2024
Canine Ehrlichiosis is a serious disease caused by a bacterium called Ehrlichia Canis. This bacterium is transmitted to dogs through the bite of an infected tick, especially the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineous). Once infected, dogs can go through three phases of the disease: acute, subclinical, and chronic.
In the acute phase, symptoms can appear within one to three weeks after the tick bite. These symptoms include fever, lethargy, loss of appetite, and swollen lymph nodes. Some dogs may also develop bleeding disorders like nosebleeds or bruising.
If treated during the acute phase most dogs recover, but if untreated or inadequately treated, they may enter a subclinical phase in which they appear normal.
This phase can last months or even years the bacteria hides away in the spleen.
If not treated, the disease can progress to the chronic phase, where symptoms become more severe. These can include weight loss, severe anemia, eye problems, and even neurological issues.
Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical signs, a history of tick exposure, and specific blood tests. Early detection is key to effective treatment, which typically involves a course of antibiotics. Most dogs respond well if treated early, but more severe cases might require additional supportive care.
Prevention is the best defense against Ehrlichiosis. Here are some tips to keep your dog safe:
Use Tick Preventatives: Regularly use vet-recommended tick preventatives, including topical treatments, collars, or oral medications.
Check for Ticks: After outdoor activities, thoroughly check your dog for ticks, focusing on areas like the ears, neck, and between the toes.
If you find a tick on your dog, remove it promptly with fine-tipped tweezers, grasping the tick as close to the skin as possible, and pulling it out steadily. Then, disinfect the bite area and wash your hands.
Maintain Your Yard: Keep your yard clean by trimming grass and shrubs and removing leaf litter where ticks can thrive.
IF you are concerned that your pet may have already been exposed or has been infested with ticks in the past consider calliing your vet and getting them tested.