05/11/2023
Scratching is an instinctive element of cat behaviour which helps to maintain ideal nail condition, and also facilitates territory marking through pheromone glands in the feet.
Cats rely on their nails to climb, hunt and defend themselves; because of this, healthy claws are especially important in those who venture into the great outdoors. Young and active cats, in particular outdoor cats, typically need minimal intervention when it comes to claw care.
Indoor cats may require more attention to maintain optimum nail condition. Although some cats choose to scratch unfavourable items in the home such as the carpets or furniture, it is important to encourage healthy scratching behaviours for both their physical and mental wellbeing. Providing adequate scratch posts and mats should reduce destructive scratching and will help to control the length of the nails.
Cats nails grow in layers, or husks, around the blood and nerve supply, referred to as the quick. The act of scratching removes the outer layers of the nail to reveal a new, sharper surface, which is protected by natural retraction of the claws on the front feet. When scratching is reduced, ineffective or absent, these layers can build up, resulting in a thickened or overgrown nail which is at risk of becoming embedded into the pad.
SO, WHEN MIGHT INTERVENTION BE NECESSARY...?
β’ Older cats commonly demonstrate reduced scratching behaviours, which may be linked to joint discomfort or other underlying disease processes. This can lead to an overgrowth and thickening of the nail which contacts, or even embeds into, the pad beneath, resulting in a further reduction of scratching due to pain or discomfort. Cats with significant nail overgrowth may show signs of lameness, however others may not; it is therefore crucial that the nails are regularly examined and managed. As joint pain is a common ailment in senior cats, they may prefer to scratch horizontal mats as opposed to vertical posts.
β’ Overweight cats often have reduced activity levels which consequently lead to a reduction in natural behaviours, including scratching. Horizontal scratch pads may be of benefit to overweight cats, but overgrown nails will most likely require trimming.
β’ Overgrown nails are usually visible despite retraction. Claws may become caught or snag on soft furnishings and carpets, and may be heard contacting hard floor surfaces as the cat walks.
Nail overgrowth in cats often goes unnoticed and is a common health concern in senior cats, and some indoor cats. Whilst it is crucial to encourage natural scratching behaviours, this should coincide with regular monitoring of the claws and supported nail management as required. A cat's nails should only be trimmed because they are overgrown, not because they are sharp.
Thank you for your interest.