14/01/2025
Why Do Reactive Dogs Bark and Lunge?
Meet Alf, a three-year-old spaniel. Alf is sweet and affectionate at home, always eager to please. But walks are a different story. As soon as Alf spots another dog, he explodes into a frenzy of barking and lunging, leaving his owner, flustered and embarrassed.
HIs owner doesn’t understand. “Why does he act like this? He’s such a good boy at home!” she wonders.
Alf’s behavior isn’t because he’s “bad” or “aggressive.” It’s because he’s reactive—a term used to describe dogs that overreact to certain triggers, like other dogs, people, or even bikes. But why does this happen?
1. Fear and Anxiety
For many reactive dogs, barking and lunging is a way of saying, “I’m scared—stay away!” Alf, for example, had a frightening encounter as a puppy when an off-lead dog rushed at him. Since then, seeing another dog triggers his fight-or-flight instinct. His barking and lunging are his way of trying to make the other dog go away so he feels safe.
2. Frustration
Some reactive dogs bark and lunge out of frustration. Imagine you’re at your favourite bakery, and there’s a glass window between you and the most delicious pastries. You might bang on the glass in frustration, right? Dogs feel the same way. If the dog is on a lead and can’t greet the other dog he sees, his excitement can boil over into reactive behaviour.
3. Lack of Social Skills
Not all dogs know how to communicate politely with other dogs. If a dog didn’t have many positive experiences with other dogs as a puppy, they might struggle to interact appropriately now.
What Can We Do to Help?
The first step is to understand the dog isn’t being “naughty.” Reactivity is often rooted in fear, frustration, or poor socialization. With patience, training, and sometimes the help of a behaviourist, reactive dogs like Alf can learn to feel more comfortable and confident.
If your dog barks and lunges like Alf, here are some tips:
Create distance. Cross the road or turn away to help your dog feel safe.
Reward calm behaviour. Treats and praise for staying calm can build positive associations.
Seek professional help. A qualified trainer or behaviourist can tailor a plan to your dog’s needs.