03/06/2026
Old World vs New World Tarantulas: What's the Difference?
Tarantulas are broadly divided into two groups based on their geographical origins: Old World and New World species. While they may appear similar at first glance, these two groups have evolved very different characteristics and behaviours.
Where Do They Come From?
Old World Tarantulas
Old World tarantulas originate from parts of:
- Africa
- Asia
- Europe
- Australia
Popular examples include species from the genera Poecilotheria, Haplopelma, and Pterinochilus.
New World Tarantulas
New World tarantulas are found throughout:
- North America
- Central America
- South America
- The Caribbean
Well-known examples include Brachypelma, Grammostola, Aphonopelma, and Tliltocatl species.
Defence Mechanisms
One of the biggest differences between these groups is how they defend themselves.
New World Species
New World tarantulas possess urticating hairs—tiny barbed hairs located on their abdomen. When threatened, they can kick these hairs into the air, causing irritation to predators' skin, eyes, and respiratory systems.
Because they have this defensive option, New World species are often more likely to retreat or use their hairs before resorting to biting.
Old World Species
Old World tarantulas do not possess urticating hairs. Instead, they rely on:
- Speed
- Defensive posturing
- Potent venom
As a result, Old World species are generally considered more defensive and are often recommended only for experienced keepers.
Temperament
New World Tarantulas
- Typically calmer and more tolerant of disturbance
- Often recommended for beginners
- More likely to flee or use urticating hairs than bite
Old World Tarantulas
- Generally faster and more reactive
- Often stand their ground when threatened
- More likely to bite if they feel cornered
It's important to remember that every tarantula has its own personality, and individual behaviour can vary.
Venom
All tarantulas are venomous, but the potency differs between groups.
New World Venom
Most New World species have relatively mild venom, often compared to a bee or wasp sting in terms of localised pain and swelling.
Old World Venom
Old World species tend to have significantly stronger venom. While bites are rarely medically dangerous to healthy adults, they can cause severe pain, muscle cramps, nausea, and other unpleasant symptoms that may last for days or even weeks.
Appearance
Both groups contain some of the world's most beautiful spiders, but there are some trends:
New World Tarantulas
- Often have stockier builds
- Frequently display vibrant reds, oranges, pinks, and blues
- Many species are heavy-bodied terrestrial burrowers
Old World Tarantulas
- Often have longer legs and a more slender appearance
- Many species display striking patterns, metallic colours, and intricate markings
- A higher proportion are arboreal (tree-dwelling) or fast-moving opportunistic burrowers
Which Is Right for You?
For most beginners, New World species are considered the best starting point due to their generally calmer temperaments and less medically significant venom.
Old World tarantulas can be fascinating and beautiful additions to a collection, but their speed, defensive nature, and stronger venom mean they are usually better suited to experienced keepers.
Regardless of origin, all tarantulas deserve respect and proper care. Understanding their natural behaviours helps us appreciate these incredible animals and provide them with the environments they need to thrive.
